New Insights into Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Clinical Aspects to Molecular Tumorigenesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Jang-Yang Chang¹  Sheng-Yen Hsiao²  Kwang-Yu Chang³  Shang-Hung Chen³ 

[1] Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70456, Taiwan;Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 736402, Taiwan;National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan;

关键词: oral squamous cell carcinoma;    microbiota;    lymphangiogenesis;    microRNA;    mitochondrion;    IL-1β;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms22052252

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a prevalent malignant disease worldwide, especially so in Taiwan. Early- or even preclinical-stage detection is critical for reducing morbidity and mortality from oral SCC. Epidemiological and genome association studies are useful for identifying clinicopathological risk factors for preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches of oral SCC. For advanced oral SCC, effective treatments are critical to prolonging survival and enhancing quality of life. As oral SCC is characteristic of regional invasion with lymph node metastases, understanding the aggressive features of oral SCC, particularly in lymphangiogenesis, is essential for determining effective treatments. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastases. Recent clinical successes in immune checkpoint inhibitors either alone or combined with chemotherapy have also supported the therapeutic value of immunotherapy in oral SCC. This review summarizes critical advances in basic knowledge of oral SCC from the perspective of clinicopathological risk factors, molecular tumorigenesis, and the TME. We also highlight our recent investigations on the microbiome, genome association studies, lymphangiogenesis, and immunomodulation in oral SCC. This review may provide new insights for oral SCC treatment by systematically interpreting emerging evidence from various preclinical and clinical studies.

【 授权许可】

Unknown