Acute exposure to air pollution is associated with novel changes in blood levels of endothelin-1 and circulating angiogenic cells in young, healthy adults

AIMS Environmental Science

Daniel J. Conklin¹  Jordan Finch²  Timothy E. O’Toole³  Aruni Bhatnagar³  Daniel W. Riggs⁴  C. Arden Pope III⁵ 

[1] 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA 2 Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E. Muhammad Ali Boulevard, Louisville, KY 40202, USA 3 Diabetes & Obesity Center, University of Louisville, 580 S. Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA 4 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 S. Preston Street Louisville, KY 40202, USA;1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA 2 Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E. Muhammad Ali Boulevard, Louisville, KY 40202, USA 3 Diabetes & Obesity Center, University of Louisville, 580 S. Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;2 Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E. Muhammad Ali Boulevard, Louisville, KY 40202, USA 3 Diabetes & Obesity Center, University of Louisville, 580 S. Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA 4 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 500 S. Preston Street Louisville, KY 40202, USA;2 Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E. Muhammad Ali Boulevard, Louisville, KY 40202, USA 3 Diabetes & Obesity Center, University of Louisville, 580 S. Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;5 Department of Economics, College of Family, Home, and Social Sciences, Brigham Young University, E 1060 N Street, Provo, UT 84604, USA;

关键词: particulate matter;    cardiovascular disease;    endothelin-1;    circulating angiogenic cells;    endothelial dysfunction;   

DOI  :  10.3934/environsci.2019.4.265

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Acute and chronic exposures to particulate matter (PM_2.5) air pollution increase the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). A hypothesized mechanism linking PM_2.5 exposure and CVD is the induction of endothelial dysfunction – a key step to increased CVD risk. Although PM_2.5 exposure is associated with endothelial dysfunction and the vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) is upregulated in endothelial dysfunction, the effects of PM_2.5 on ET-1 and whether or not ET-1 mediates the downstream effects of PM_2.5 are unclear. In addition to examining associations between acute changes in ambient PM_2.5 and circulating levels of ET-1, we also looked at whether changes in ET-1 were associated with changes in markers of vascular health and systemic injury. For example, endothelial function is maintained in part by circulating angiogenic cell (CAC)-mediated repair, and our recent studies show that CACs in humans and mice are decreased by ambient PM_2.5exposure. In the current study, we recruited young, healthy adults who were exposed to natural variations in PM_2.5, and we analyzed associations between PM_2.5 and circulating levels of ET-1, between ET-1 and CACs, and between ET-1 and other biomarkers of injury using linear regression analyses. Surprisingly, ET-1 levels were negatively associated with PM_2.5levels (β = −0.773, P = 0.0005), yet, in contrast, positively associatedwithtwoCACs:CAC-2(CD31 + /CD34 + /CD45 + )andCAC-4 (CD31 + /CD34 + /CD45 + /CD133 + ). Interestingly, ET-1 levels were negatively associated with some biomarkers (platelet factor 4, β = −0.148, P = 0.0003; triglycerides, β = −0.095, P = 0.041) and positively with other biomarkers: albumin (β = 0.035, P = 0.006) and IL-1β (β = 0.082, P = 0.012). These findings further reveal the insidious nature of PM_2.5’s anti-angiogenic effect including a novel relationship between ET-1 and CACs in young adults exposed to acute elevations of air pollution.

【 授权许可】

Unknown