Is There a Place for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Vulvar Neoplasms? A State of the Art Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Fulvio Borella¹  Stefano Cosma¹  AndreaRoberto Carosso¹  Niccolò Gallio¹  Mario Preti¹  Federica Bevilacqua¹  Chiara Benedetto¹  Leonardo Micheletti¹  Paola Cassoni²  Isabella Castellano²  Giammarco Collemi²  Luca Bertero² 

[1] Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Department of Surgical Sciences, “City of Health and Science University Hospital”, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, “City of Health and Science University Hospital”, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;

关键词: immunology;    immunotherapy;    immune checkpoint inhibitor;    vulvar cancer;    vulvar squamous cell carcinoma;    vulvar melanoma;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms22010190

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Vulvar cancer (VC) is a rare neoplasm, usually arising in postmenopausal women, although human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated VC usually develop in younger women. Incidences of VCs are rising in many countries. Surgery is the cornerstone of early-stage VC management, whereas therapies for advanced VC are multimodal and not standardized, combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy to avoid exenterative surgery. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are scarce due to the rarity of the disease and prognosis has not improved. Hence, new therapies are needed to improve the outcomes of these patients. In recent years, improved knowledge regarding the crosstalk between neoplastic and tumor cells has allowed researchers to develop a novel therapeutic approach exploiting these molecular interactions. Both the innate and adaptive immune systems play a key role in anti-tumor immunesurveillance. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated efficacy in multiple tumor types, improving survival rates and disease outcomes. In some gynecologic cancers (e.g., cervical cancer), many studies are showing promising results and a growing interest is emerging about the potential use of ICIs in VC. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the latest developments in the field of VC immunoncology, to present the role of state-of-the-art ICIs in VC management and to discuss new potential immunotherapeutic approaches.

【 授权许可】

Unknown