Vascular Wall–Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation on 3D Biodegradable Highly Porous CaSi-DCPD Doped Poly (α-hydroxy) Acids Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Nanomaterials

Micaela Degli Esposti¹  Fabio Fava¹  Paola Fabbri¹  Antonella Polimeni²  Augusta Zannoni³  Monica Forni³  Domenico Ventrella³  Roberta Salaroli³  Chiara Bernardini³  Carlo Prati⁴  MariaGiovanna Gandolfi⁵  Fausto Zamparini⁵  Greta Parchi⁵ 

[1] Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy;Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Pediatric Dentistry Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy;Endodontic Clinical Section, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;Laboratory of Biomaterials, Green Materials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;

关键词: vascular wall–mesenchymal stem cells;    biodegradable mineral scaffolds;    engineered tissue;    angiogenesis;    oral bone defects;    polylactic acid (pla);    poly-e-caprolactone (pcl);    green biomaterials;    green scaffolds;    biobased materials;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nano10020243

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Vascularization is a crucial factor when approaching any engineered tissue. Vascular wall−mesenchymal stem cells are an excellent in vitro model to study vascular remodeling due to their strong angiogenic attitude. This study aimed to demonstrate the angiogenic potential of experimental highly porous scaffolds based on polylactic acid (PLA) or poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) doped with calcium silicates (CaSi) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), namely PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD and PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD, designed for the regeneration of bone defects. Vascular wall−mesenchymal stem cells (VW-MSCs) derived from pig thoracic aorta were seeded on the scaffolds and the expression of angiogenic markers, i.e. CD90 (mesenchymal stem/stromal cell surface marker), pericyte genes α-SMA (alpha smooth muscle actin), PDGFR-β (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β), and NG2 (neuron-glial antigen 2) was evaluated. Pure PLA and pure PCL scaffolds and cell culture plastic were used as controls (3D in vitro model vs. 2D in vitro model). The results clearly demonstrated that the vascular wall mesenchymal cells colonized the scaffolds and were metabolically active. Cells, grown in these 3D systems, showed the typical gene expression profile they have in control 2D culture, although with some main quantitative differences. DNA staining and immunofluorescence assay for alpha-tubulin confirmed a cellular presence on both scaffolds. However, VW-MSCs cultured on PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD showed an individual cells growth, whilst on PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD scaffolds VW-MSCs grew in spherical clusters. In conclusion, vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated the ability to colonize PLA and PCL scaffolds doped with CaSi-DCPD for new vessels formation and a potential for tissue regeneration.

【 授权许可】

Unknown