Processes | |
Phosphate and Ammonium Removal from Water through Electrochemical and Chemical Precipitation of Struvite | |
Kyösti Rajaniemi1  Tao Hu1  Sari Tuomikoski1  Emma-Tuulia Nurmesniemi1  Ulla Lassi1  | |
[1] Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; | |
关键词: electrocoagulation; struvite; chemical precipitation; wastewater; ammonium; phosphate; | |
DOI : 10.3390/pr9010150 | |
来源: DOAJ |
【 摘 要 】
Batch electrocoagulation (BEC), continuous electrocoagulation (CEC), and chemical precipitation (CP) were compared in struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) precipitation from synthetic and authentic water. In synthetic water treatment (SWT), struvite yield was in BEC 1.72, CEC 0.61, and CP 1.54 kg/m3. Corresponding values in authentic water treatment (AWT) were 2.55, 3.04, and 2.47 kg/m3. In SWT, 1 kg struvite costs in BEC, CEC, and CP were 0.55, 0.55, and 0.11 €, respectively, for AWT 0.35, 0.22 and 0.07 €. Phosphate removal in SWT was 93.6, 74.5, and 71.6% in BEC, CEC, and CP, respectively, the corresponding rates in AWT were 89.7, 77.8, and 74.4%. Ammonium removal for SWT in BEC, CEC, and CP were 79.4, 51.5, and 62.5%, respectively, rates in AWT 56.1, 64.1, and 60.9%. Efficiency in CEC and BEC are equal in nutrient recovery in SWT, although energy efficiency was better in CEC. CP is cheaper than BEC and CEC.
【 授权许可】
Unknown