Relationships between Freezing of Gait Severity and Cognitive Deficits in Parkinson’s Disease

Brain Sciences

Matt Leedom¹  Patti Berg-Poppe²  Arturo I. Espinoza³  Wijdan Rai⁴  Lee A. Baugh⁵  Arun Singh⁵  Jamie L. Scholl⁵ 

[1] Avera Therapy, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA;Center for Brain and Behavior Research, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA;Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;Department of Neurosciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA;Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA;

关键词: freezing of gait;    cognition;    Parkinson’s disease;    disease severity;    levodopa;   

DOI  :  10.3390/brainsci11111496

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Freezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most debilitating motor symptoms experienced by patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), as it can lead to falls and a reduced quality of life. Evidence supports an association between FOG severity and cognitive functioning; however, results remain debatable. PD patients with (PDFOG+, n = 41) and without FOG (PDFOG–, n = 39) and control healthy subjects (n = 41) participated in this study. The NIH toolbox cognition battery, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the interval timing task were used to test cognitive domains. Measurements were compared between groups using multivariable models and adjusting for covariates. Correlation analyses, linear regression, and mediation models were applied to examine relationships among disease duration and severity, FOG severity, and cognitive functioning. Significant differences were observed between controls and PD patients for all cognitive domains. PDFOG+ and PDFOG– exhibited differences in Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) test, interval timing task, and MoCA scores. After adjusting for covariates in two different models, PDFOG+ and PDFOG– differed in both MoCA and DCCS scores. In addition, significant relationships between FOG severity and cognitive function (MoCA, DCCS, and interval timing) were also found. Regression models suggest that FOG severity may be a predictor of cognitive impairment, and mediation models show the effects of cognitive impairment on the relationship between disease severity and FOG severity. Overall, this study provides insight into the relationship between cognitive and FOG severity in patients with PD, which could aid in the development of therapeutic interventions to manage both.

【 授权许可】

Unknown