An evaluation of onshore digital elevation models for modelling tsunami inundation zones

Frontiers in Earth Science

Widjo eKongko¹  Sven eHarig²  Annika eFuchs²  Natalja eRakowsky²  Jakir eHossen³  Phil eCummins³  Raditya eHanung⁴  Aditia eRojali⁴  Hamzah eLatief⁴  Nick eHorspool⁵  Jonathan eGriffin⁵  Nicola eMaher⁵  Dewanto eEdi⁶  Supriyati eUpi⁶ 

[1] Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology;Alfred Wegener Institute;Australian National University;Bandung Institute of Technology;Geoscience Australia;National Disaster Management Agency;

关键词: SRTM-derived DEM;    lidar;    Digital elevation model;    Tsunami inundation;    IfSAR;   

DOI  :  10.3389/feart.2015.00032

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A sensitivity study is undertaken to assess the utility of different onshore digital elevation models (DEM) for simulating the extent of tsunami inundation using case studies from two locations in Indonesia. We compare airborne IFSAR, ASTER and SRTM against high resolution LiDAR and stereo-camera data in locations with different coastal morphologies. Tsunami inundation extents modelled with airborne IFSAR DEMs are comparable with those modelled with the higher resolution datasets and are also consistent with historical run-up data, where available. Large vertical errors and poor resolution of the coastline in the ASTER and SRTM elevation datasets cause the modelled inundation extent to be much less compared with the other datasets and observations. Therefore ASTER and SRTM should not be used to underpin tsunami inundation models. a model mesh resolution of 25 m was sufficient for estimating the inundated area when using elevation data with high vertical accuracy in the case studies presented here. Differences in modelled inundation between digital terrain models (DTM) and digital surface models (DSM) for LiDAR and IFSAR are greater than differences between the two data types. Models using DTM may overestimate inundation while those using DSM may underestimate inundation when a constant Manning’s roughness value is used. We recommend using DTM for modelling tsunami inundation extent with further work needed to resolve the scale at which surface roughness should be parameterised.

【 授权许可】

Unknown