An evaluation of onshore digital elevation models for modeling tsunami inundation zones

Frontiers in Digital Humanities

Kongko, Widjo¹  Fuchs, Annika²  Rakowsky, Natalja²  Harig, Sven²  Hossen, Jakir³  Latief, Hamzah⁴  Hanung, Raditya⁴  Rojali, Aditia⁴  Horspool, Nick⁵  Griffin, Jonathan⁵  Maher, Nicola⁵  Cummins, Phil⁵  Upi, Supriyati⁶  Edi, Dewanto⁶ 

[1] Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Yogyakarta, Indonesia;Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany;Australian National University, Research School of Earth Sciences, Canberra, ACT, Australia;Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia;Geoscience Australia, Cnr Jerrabomberra Avenue and Hindmarsh Drive, Symonston, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia;National Disaster Management Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia

关键词: Digital elevation model;    Tsunami inundation;    lidar;    IfSAR;    SRTM-derived DEM;   

DOI  :  10.3389/feart.2015.00032

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

A sensitivity study is undertaken to assess the utility of different onshore digital elevation models (DEM) for simulating the extent of tsunami inundation using case studies from two locations in Indonesia. We compare airborne IFSAR, ASTER and SRTM against high resolution LiDAR and stereo-camera data in locations with different coastal morphologies. Tsunami inundation extents modelled with airborne IFSAR DEMs are comparable with those modelled with the higher resolution datasets and are also consistent with historical run-up data, where available. Large vertical errors and poor resolution of the coastline in the ASTER and SRTM elevation datasets cause the modelled inundation extent to be much less compared with the other datasets and observations. Therefore ASTER and SRTM should not be used to underpin tsunami inundation models. a model mesh resolution of 25 m was sufficient for estimating the inundated area when using elevation data with high vertical accuracy in the case studies presented here. Differences in modelled inundation between digital terrain models (DTM) and digital surface models (DSM) for LiDAR and IFSAR are greater than differences between the two data types. Models using DTM may overestimate inundation while those using DSM may underestimate inundation when a constant Manning’s roughness value is used. We recommend using DTM for modelling tsunami inundation extent with further work needed to resolve the scale at which surface roughness should be parameterised.

【 授权许可】

CC BY