Role Of the Sun and the Middle atmosphere/thermosphere/ionosphere In Climate (ROSMIC): a retrospective and prospective view

Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

William Ward¹  Annika Seppälä²  Claudia Stolle³  Erdal Yiğit⁴  Stanley C. Solomon⁵  Daniel R. Marsh⁵  Jan Laštovička⁶  Bernd Funke⁷  Thomas N. Woods⁸  Franz-Josef Lübken⁹  Takuji Nakamura^1,10  Yoshihiro Tomikawa^1,10  Duggirala Pallamraju^1,11 

[1] Department of Physics, University of New Brunswick;Department of Physics, University of Otago;Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam;George Mason University;High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research;Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences;Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC;Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP), University of Colorado (CU);Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics;National Institute of Polar Research;Space and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Physical Research Laboratory;

关键词: Climate;    Atmosphere;    Middle atmosphere;    Thermosphere;    Ionosphere;    Solar irradiance;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40645-021-00433-8

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract While knowledge of the energy inputs from the Sun (as it is the primary energy source) is important for understanding the solar-terrestrial system, of equal importance is the manner in which the terrestrial part of the system organizes itself in a quasi-equilibrium state to accommodate and re-emit this energy. The ROSMIC project (2014–2018 inclusive) was the component of SCOSTEP’s Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial Impact (VarSITI) program which supported research into the terrestrial component of this system. The four themes supported under ROSMIC are solar influence on climate, coupling by dynamics, trends in the mesosphere lower thermosphere, and trends and solar influence in the thermosphere. Over the course of the VarSITI program, scientific advances were made in all four themes. This included improvements in understanding (1) the transport of photochemically produced species from the thermosphere into the lower atmosphere; (2) the manner in which waves produced in the lower atmosphere propagate upward and influence the winds, dynamical variability, and transport of constituents in the mesosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere; (3) the character of the long-term trends in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere; and (4) the trends and structural changes taking place in the thermosphere. This paper reviews the progress made in these four areas over the past 5 years and summarizes the anticipated research directions in these areas in the future. It also provides a physical context of the elements which maintain the structure of the terrestrial component of this system. The effects that changes to the atmosphere (such as those currently occurring as a result of anthropogenic influences) as well as plausible variations in solar activity may have on the solar terrestrial system need to be understood to support and guide future human activities on Earth.

【 授权许可】

Unknown