Revue critique de trois outils de modélisation intégrée du territoire et de l’environnement pour la planification en Amérique du nord

Développement Durable et Territoires

关键词: regional planning;    method;    geosystem;    landscape;    modeling;    simulation;   

DOI  :  10.4000/developpementdurable.8566

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Regional planning process must produce ideas, not only geographical information. Moreover, this process is not intended to substitute to the role of decision-makers but rather to inform them and guide them towards decisions for which they preserve responsibility. There is a large set of tools and methods existing to assume the inherent complexity of regional planning process : statistics and surveys, GIS, multicriteria decision aid, physical and/or conceptual model, participatory methods etc. Finding a functional articulation between these tools and their objects requires a reflection on (1) the object of study itself, (2) the integration capabilities of the tools, and (3) their synthesis capabilities. Here, we are addressing three modeling tools used in territorial and environmental planning during the past 25 years in North America. This tool set is based on (1) ecological mapping where focus is put on the description of natural/physical landscape, (2) landscape-oriented visual modeling or geovisualization, and (3) spatial modelling which includes cellular automata and multiagent systems which use are intended for the detailed modeling of interactions between individuals and between individuals and their living space. These three approaches are forming a corpus of tools that allow us to address one of the aspects of geographical space : the natural environment, the landscape, the territory, which built-up the geosystem.

【 授权许可】

Unknown