Isothiazolinone Biocides: Chemistry, Biological, and Toxicity Profiles

Molecules

Jorge Garrido¹  E.Manuela Garrido¹  Vânia Silva¹  Fernanda Borges²  Cátia Silva²  Pedro Soares² 

[1] CIETI/School of Engineering (ISEP), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;

关键词: biocides;    isothiazoles;    isothiazolinones;    chemistry;    biological/toxicity relationships;    stability;    analysis;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules25040991

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The importance of isothiazole and of compounds containing the isothiazole nucleus has been growing over the last few years. Isothiazolinones are used in cosmetic and as chemical additives for occupational and industrial usage due to their bacteriostatic and fungiostatic activity. Despite their effectiveness as biocides, isothiazolinones are strong sensitizers, producing skin irritations and allergies and may pose ecotoxicological hazards. Therefore, their use is restricted by EU legislation. Considering the relevance and importance of isothiazolinone biocides, the present review describes the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding their synthesis, antibacterial components, toxicity (including structure−activity−toxicity relationships) outlines, and (photo)chemical stability. Due to the increasing prevalence and impact of isothiazolinones in consumer’s health, analytical methods for the identification and determination of this type of biocides were also discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown