mRNA or ChAd0x1 COVID-19 Vaccination of Adolescents Induces Robust Antibody and Cellular Responses With Continued Recognition of Omicron Following mRNA-1273

Frontiers in Immunology

Joanna Garstang¹  Ifeanyichukwu Okike¹  Samantha M. Nicol¹  Eliska Spalkova¹  Annabel A. Powell¹  Andrew J. Brent¹  Joanne Beckmann¹  Elizabeth Jinks¹  Georgina Ireland¹  John Poh²  Kevin Brown²  Gayatri Amirthalingam³  Mary E. Ramsay⁴  Rafaq Azad⁵  Dagmar Waiblinger⁵  Paul Moss⁶  John Wright⁶  Jonathan Cohen⁸  Chris Davis^1,10  Francesca Davis^1,10  Bernadette Brent^1,10  Shamez N. Ladhani^1,10  Marie White^1,10  Alexander C. Dowell^1,11  Juliet Gunn^1,11  Jianmin Zuo^1,11  Frances Baawuah^1,11  Panagiota Sylla^1,11  Shazaad Ahmad^1,11  Morenike Ayodele^1,11  Ming Lim^1,12  Rachel Bruton^1,13  Brian J. Willett^1,13  Sam Scott^1,13  Nicola Logan^1,13  Ezra Linley^1,14  Aedin Collins^1,15  Julia Kenny^1,16 

[1] Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom;0Department of General Paediatrics, Evelina London Children’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom;1The National Children’s Hospital, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland;2Children’s Neurosciences, Evelina London Children’s Hospital at Guy’s and St Thomas’ National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, King’s Health Partners Academic Health Science Centre, London, United Kingdom;3Department Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom;4Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology Evelina London Children’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom;5United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom;Birmingham Community Healthcare National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Aston, United Kingdom;East London National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom;Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom;;Institute of Immunology &Manchester University National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom;Medical Research Council (MRC)-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom;Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom;University Hospitals of Derby and Burton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Derby, United Kingdom;University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;

关键词: COVID-19;    vaccine;    paediatric;    T-cell;    antibody;    neuro-disabilities;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2022.882515

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Children and adolescents generally experience mild COVID-19. However, those with underlying physical health conditions are at a significantly increased risk of severe disease. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of antibody and cellular responses in adolescents with severe neuro-disabilities who received COVID-19 vaccination with either ChAdOx1 (n=6) or an mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273, n=8, BNT162b2, n=1). Strong immune responses were observed after vaccination and antibody levels and neutralisation titres were both higher after two doses. Both measures were also higher after mRNA vaccination and were further enhanced by prior natural infection where one vaccine dose was sufficient to generate peak antibody response. Robust T-cell responses were generated after dual vaccination and were also higher following mRNA vaccination. Early T-cells were characterised by a dominant effector-memory CD4+ T-cell population with a type-1 cytokine signature with additional production of IL-10. Antibody levels were well-maintained for at least 3 months after vaccination and 3 of 4 donors showed measurable neutralisation titres against the Omicron variant. T-cell responses also remained robust, with generation of a central/stem cell memory pool and showed strong reactivity against Omicron spike. These data demonstrate that COVID-19 vaccines display strong immunogenicity in adolescents and that dual vaccination, or single vaccination following prior infection, generate higher immune responses than seen after natural infection and develop activity against Omicron. Initial evidence suggests that mRNA vaccination elicits stronger immune responses than adenoviral delivery, although the latter is also higher than seen in adult populations. COVID-19 vaccines are therefore highly immunogenic in high-risk adolescents and dual vaccination might be able to provide relative protection against the Omicron variant that is currently globally dominant.

【 授权许可】

Unknown