СURRENT CONCEPTS OF THE ROLE OF ALTERED BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER RESISTANCE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CNS DISORDERS. PART II: FUNCTIONS AND MECHANISMS OF THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER DAMAGE

Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния

D. V. Blinov¹ 

[1] The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow;

关键词: cns;    bbb;    resistance;    transcellular transport;    tight junctions;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract: altered permeability of the blood-brain  barrier (BBB) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy as well as vascular, demyelinating, neurodegenerative central neural system (CNS) diseases, head injury, hypoxic-ischemic CNS damage in obstetric practice, and other common disorders.  The understanding  of functions, transport  mechanisms and mechanisms of damage  of the BBB in pathologic  settings  would allow determining  promising  ways to improve the efficacy of current diagnostics  and treatment  options.  The review article describes  brain-to-blood  and blood-to-brain  transport  and presents four main mechanisms of transcellular  transport  of bioactive substances via the BBB: simple diffusion, carrier-mediated diffusion, carrier-mediated  transport  (liquid endocytosis,  receptor-mediated  endocytosis,  absorption-mediated  transport) and efflux transport.  Our knowledge of mechanisms of BBB damage  are limited to three main types (dehiscence  of 'tight junctions' between endothelial cells, toxic damage of the membrane structures of astrocytes  and endotelial cells, and physical destruction  of the BBB). Detailed descriptions  are provided of specific features of the BBB damage associated with various pathologies – hypoxic-ischemic CNS damage, inflammation, pain, toxic exposure, tumor growth, etc. This allows to rationalize the need for objective assessment of the BBB and neural tissue condition by detecting neurospecific proteins in blood serum to choose adequate approach to treatment and rehabilitation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown