International Journal of Molecular Sciences | |
Ca2+-ATPase Molecules as a Calcium-Sensitive Membrane-Endoskeleton of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum | |
Makiko Suwa1  Yuusuke Maruyama2  Chikara Sato2  Jun Nakamura2  Yuto Komeiji2  Genichi Tajima3  | |
[1] Biological Science Course, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuou-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan;Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan;Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, 41 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8576, Japan; | |
关键词: ryanodine receptor; Ca2+-ATPase; two-dimensional crystallization; ATP; calcium; membrane endoskeleton; | |
DOI : 10.3390/ijms22052624 | |
来源: DOAJ |
【 摘 要 】
The Ca2+-transport ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is an integral, transmembrane protein. It sequesters cytoplasmic calcium ions released from SR during muscle contraction, and causes muscle relaxation. Based on negative staining and transmission electron microscopy of SR vesicles isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle, we propose that the ATPase molecules might also be a calcium-sensitive membrane-endoskeleton. Under conditions when the ATPase molecules scarcely transport Ca2+, i.e., in the presence of ATP and ≤ 0.9 nM Ca2+, some of the ATPase particles on the SR vesicle surface gathered to form tetramers. The tetramers crystallized into a cylindrical helical array in some vesicles and probably resulted in the elongated protrusion that extended from some round SRs. As the Ca2+ concentration increased to 0.2 µM, i.e., under conditions when the transporter molecules fully carry out their activities, the ATPase crystal arrays disappeared, but the SR protrusions remained. In the absence of ATP, almost all of the SR vesicles were round and no crystal arrays were evident, independent of the calcium concentration. This suggests that ATP induced crystallization at low Ca2+ concentrations. From the observed morphological changes, the role of the proposed ATPase membrane-endoskeleton is discussed in the context of calcium regulation during muscle contraction.
【 授权许可】
Unknown