The Methylome of Vertebrate Sex Chromosomes

Genes

Alexander Capraro¹  JenniferA. Marshall Graves¹  ShafaghA. Waters²  PaulD. Waters²  KimL. McIntyre² 

[1] Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;;School of Biotechnology &

关键词: X chromosome inactivation;    dosage compensation;    DNA methylation;    5mC;    mammal;    bird;    sex chromosome;   

DOI  :  10.3390/genes9050230

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

DNA methylation is a key epigenetic modification in vertebrate genomes known to be involved in the regulation of gene expression, X chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting, chromatin structure, and control of transposable elements. DNA methylation is common to all eukaryote genomes, but we still lack a complete understanding of the variation in DNA methylation patterns on sex chromosomes and between the sexes in diverse species. To better understand sex chromosome DNA methylation patterns between different amniote vertebrates, we review literature that has analyzed the genome-wide distribution of DNA methylation in mammals and birds. In each system, we focus on DNA methylation patterns on the autosomes versus the sex chromosomes.

【 授权许可】

Unknown