Correlation of Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes in Irrigation Water to Environmental Factors, Fecal Indicators, and Bacterial Communities

Frontiers in Microbiology

Andrea R. Ottesen¹  Padmini Ramachandran²  Elizabeth A. Reed²  Jie Zheng²  Renee R. Boyer³  Laura K. Strawn⁴  Steven L. Rideout⁴  Ganyu Gu⁴ 

[1] Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, United States;Center for Veterinary Medicine, US Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, United States;Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States;Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Painter, VA, United States;

关键词: bacterial communities;    ABIOTIC factors;    irrigation water;    Listeria monocytogenes;    Salmonella;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2020.557289

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Outbreaks of foodborne illnesses linked to fresh fruits and vegetables have been key drivers behind a wide breadth of research aiming to fill data gaps in our understanding of the total ecology of agricultural water sources such as ponds and wells and the relationship of this ecology to foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes. Both S. enterica and L. monocytogenes can persist in irrigation water and have been linked to produce contamination events. Data describing the abundance of these organisms in specific agricultural water sources are valuable to guide water treatment measures. Here, we profiled the culture independent water microbiota of four farm ponds and wells correlated with microbiological recovery of S. enterica (prevalence: pond, 19.4%; well, 3.3%), L. monocytogenes (pond, 27.1%; well, 4.2%) and fecal indicator testing. Correlation between abiotic factors, including water parameters (temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen percentage, oxidation reduction potential, and turbidity) and weather (temperature and rainfall), and foodborne pathogens were also evaluated. Although abiotic factors did not correlate with recovery of S. enterica or L. monocytogenes (p > 0.05), fecal indicators were positively correlated with incidence of S. enterica in well water. Bacterial taxa such as Sphingomonadaceae and Hymenobacter were positively correlated with the prevalence and population of S. enterica, and recovery of L. monocytogenes was positively correlated with the abundance of Rhizobacter and Comamonadaceae (p < 0.03). These data will support evolving mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of produce contamination by foodborne pathogens through irrigation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown