An Emerging Frontier in Intercellular Communication: Extracellular Vesicles in Regeneration

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Priscilla N. Avalos²  David J. Forsthoefel² 

[1] Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States;Genes and Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States;

关键词: regeneration;    tissue repair;    extracellular vesicles (EVs);    exosomes;    intercellular communication;    animal models;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcell.2022.849905

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Regeneration requires cellular proliferation, differentiation, and other processes that are regulated by secreted cues originating from cells in the local environment. Recent studies suggest that signaling by extracellular vesicles (EVs), another mode of paracrine communication, may also play a significant role in coordinating cellular behaviors during regeneration. EVs are nanoparticles composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other metabolites, and are secreted by most cell types. Upon EV uptake by target cells, EV cargo can influence diverse cellular behaviors during regeneration, including cell survival, immune responses, extracellular matrix remodeling, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. In this review, we briefly introduce the history of EV research and EV biogenesis. Then, we review current understanding of how EVs regulate cellular behaviors during regeneration derived from numerous studies of stem cell-derived EVs in mammalian injury models. Finally, we discuss the potential of other established and emerging research organisms to expand our mechanistic knowledge of basic EV biology, how injury modulates EV biogenesis, cellular sources of EVs in vivo, and the roles of EVs in organisms with greater regenerative capacity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown