Challenges in Exosome Isolation and Analysis in Health and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

TorstenE. Reichert¹  Nils Ludwig²  TheresaL. Whiteside² 

[1] Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;

关键词: exosomes;    extracellular vesicles (EVs);    exosome isolation;    biomarkers;    drug delivery;    tumor-derived exosomes (TEX);   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms20194684

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A growing body of evidence emphasizes the important role exosomes in different physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes, virus-size extracellular vesicles (EVs), carry a complex molecular cargo, which is actively processed in the endocytic compartment of parental cells. Exosomes carry and deliver this cargo to recipient cells, serving as an intercellular communication system. The methods for recovery of exosomes from supernatants of cell lines or body fluids are not uniformly established. Yet, studies of the quality and quantity of exosome cargos underlie the concept of “liquid biopsy.” Exosomes are emerging as a potentially useful diagnostic tool and a predictor of disease progression, response to therapy and overall survival. Although many novel approaches to exosome isolation and analysis of their cargos have been introduced, the role of exosomes as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers of disease remains unconfirmed. This review considers existing challenges to exosome validation as disease biomarkers. Focusing on advantages and limitations of methods for exosome isolation and characterization, approaches are proposed to facilitate further progress in the development of exosomes as biomarkers in human disease.

【 授权许可】

Unknown