The incidence and mortality of yellow fever in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Infectious Diseases

Evanson Z. Sambala¹  Akuoma U. Nwaiwu²  Peter S. Nyasulu²  Alfred Musekiwa²  Jacques L. Tamuzi² 

[1] Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council;Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University;

关键词: Yellow fever;    Incidence;    Outbreak;    Systematic review;    Meta-analysis;    Africa;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-021-06728-x

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Understanding the occurrence of yellow fever epidemics is critical for targeted interventions and control efforts to reduce the burden of disease. We assessed data on the yellow fever incidence and mortality rates in Africa. Methods We searched the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, Africa-wide and Web of science databases from 1 January 1975 to 30th October 2020. Two authors extracted data from included studies independently and conducted a meta-analysis. Results Of 840 studies identified, 12 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. The incidence of yellow fever per 100,000 population ranged from < 1 case in Nigeria, < 3 cases in Uganda, 13 cases in Democratic Republic of the Congo, 27 cases in Kenya, 40 cases in Ethiopia, 46 cases in Gambia, 1267 cases in Senegal, and 10,350 cases in Ghana. Case fatality rate associated with yellow fever outbreaks ranged from 10% in Ghana to 86% in Nigeria. The mortality rate ranged from 0.1/100,000 in Nigeria to 2200/100,000 in Ghana. Conclusion The yellow fever incidence rate is quite constant; in contrast, the fatality rates vary widely across African countries over the study period. Standardized demographic health surveys and surveillance as well as accurate diagnostic measures are essential for early recognition, treatment and control.

【 授权许可】

Unknown