Entomological profile of yellow fever epidemics in the Central African Republic, 2006–2010

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Mirdad Kazanji²  Emmanuel Nakoune²  Christophe Paupy¹  Auguste Nangouma³  Alexandre Manirakiza²  Basile Kamgang²  Carine Ngoagouni² 

[1] Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, PO Box 769, Franceville, Gabon;Institut Pasteur de Bangui, PO Box 923, Bangui, Central African Republic;Ministère de la Santé Publique de la Population et de Lutte contre le Sida, PO Box 883, Bangui, Central African Republic

关键词: Central African Republic;    Aedes;    Vector;    Outbreak;    Yellow fever;   

Others  :  1231660
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-5-175

 received in 2012-04-19, accepted in 2012-08-02,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

The causative agent of yellow fever is an arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family transmitted by infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly in Africa. In the Central African Republic since 2006, cases have been notified in the provinces of Ombella-Mpoko, Ouham-Pende, Basse-Kotto, Haute-Kotto and in Bangui the capital. As the presence of a vector of yellow fever virus (YFV) represents a risk for spread of the disease, we undertook entomological investigations at these sites to identify potential vectors of YFV and their abundance.

Findings

Between 2006 and 2010, 5066 mosquitoes belonging to six genera and 43 species were identified. The 20 species of the Aedes genus identified included Ae. aegypti, the main vector of YFV in urban settings, and species found in tropical forests, such as Ae. africanus, Ae. simpsoni, Ae. luteocephalus, Ae. vittatus and Ae. opok. These species were not distributed uniformly in the various sites studied. Thus, the predominant Aedes species was Ae. aegypti in Bangui (90.7 %) and Basse-Kotto (42.2 %), Ae. africanus in Ombella-Mpoko (67.4 %) and Haute-Kotto (77.8 %) and Ae. vittatus in Ouham-Pende (62.2 %). Ae. albopictus was also found in Bangui. The distribution of these dominant species differed significantly according to study site (P < 0.0001). None of the pooled homogenates of Aedes mosquitoes analysed by polymerase chain reaction contained the YFV genome.

Conclusion

The results indicate a wide diversity of vector species for YFV in the Central African Republic. The establishment of surveillance and vector control programs should take into account the ecological specificity of each species.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Ngoagouni et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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