MRI-negative Cushing’s Disease: Management Strategy and Outcomes in 15 Cases Utilizing a Pure Endoscopic Endonasal Approach

BMC Endocrine Disorders

Zahra Davoudi¹  Hamid Borghei-Razavi²  Badih Adada²  Amir Arsalan Amin³  Guive Sharifi³  Seyed Ali Mousavinejad³  Nikolas B. Echeverry⁴  Mohammadmahdi Sabahi⁵  Majid Valizadeh⁶  Nader Akbari Dilmaghani⁷ 

[1] Department of Endocrinology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University;Department of Neurological Surgery, Pauline Braathen Neurological Center, Cleveland Clinic Florida;Department of Neurosurgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences;Department of Neurosurgery, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School;Neurosurgery Research Group (NRG), Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences;Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences;Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences;

关键词: Negative MRI;    Cushing’s disease;    Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery;    Outcome;    Management;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12902-022-01069-5

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Cushing’s disease (CD) is among the most common etiologies of hypercortisolism. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often utilized in the diagnosis of CD, however, up to 64% of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-producing pituitary microadenomas are undetectable on MRI. We report 15 cases of MRI negative CD who underwent surgical resection utilizing a purely endoscopic endonasal approach. Methods Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETS) was performed on 134 CD cases by a single surgeon. Fifteen cases met inclusion criteria: no conclusive MRI studies and no previous surgical treatment. Data collected included signs/symptoms, pre- and post-operative hormone levels, and complications resulting from surgical or medical management. Data regarding tumor diameter, location, and tumor residue/recurrence was obtained from both pre- and post-operative MRI. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess for tumor hormone secretion. Results Aside from a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) in histopathological results between patients with negative and positive MRI, there were no statistically significant difference between these two groups in any other demographic or clinical data point. Inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) with desmopressin (DDAVP®) administration was performed on the 15 patients with inconclusive MRIs to identify the origin of ACTH hypersecretion via a central/peripheral (C/P) ratio. IPSS in seven, five and three patients showed right, left, and central side lateralization, respectively. With a mean follow-up of 5.5 years, among MRI-negative patients, 14 (93%) and 12 patients (80%) achieved early and long-term remission, respectively. In the MRI-positive cohort, over a mean follow-up of 4.8 years, 113 patients (94.9%) and 102 patients (85.7%) achieved initial and long-term remission, respectively. Conclusions Surgical management of MRI-negative/inconclusive Cushing’s disease is challenging scenario requiring a multidisciplinary approach. An experienced neurosurgeon, in collaboration with a dedicated endocrinologist, should identify the most likely location of the adenoma utilizing IPSS findings, followed by careful surgical exploration of the pituitary to identify the adenoma.

【 授权许可】

Unknown