Predictors of Athlete’s Performance in Ultra-Endurance Mountain Races

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Pablo Ruisoto¹  Pedro Belinchón-deMiguel²  VicenteJavier Clemente-Suárez³  Beliña Herrera-Tapias⁴  Beat Knechtle⁵  PantelisT. Nikolaidis⁶ 

[1] Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Pamplona, Spain;Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;Grupo de Investigación en Derecho, Política y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, 080002 Barranquilla, Colombia;Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland;School of Health and Caring Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Egaleo, Greece;

关键词: psychology;    odontology;    nutrition;    training;    stress;    running;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph18030956

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: In previous studies, ultra-endurance performance has been associated with training and psychological variables. However, performance under extreme conditions is understudied, mainly due to difficulties in making field measures. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the role of training, hydration, nutrition, oral health status, and stress-related psychological factors in athletes’ performance in ultra-endurance mountain events. Methods: We analyzed the variables of race time and training, hydration state, nutrition, oral health status, and stress-related psychological factors in 448 ultra-endurance mountain race finishers divided into three groups according to race length (less than 45 km, 45–90 km, and greater than 90 km), using a questionnaire. Results: Higher performance in ultra-endurance mountain races was associated with better oral health status and higher accumulative altitude covered per week as well as higher positive accumulative change of altitude per week during training. In longer distance races, experience, a larger volume of training, and better hydration/nutrition prior to the competition were associated with better performance. Conclusions: Ultra-endurance mountain athletes competing in longer races (>90 km) have more experience and follow harder training schedules compared with athletes competing in shorter distances. In longer races, a larger fluid intake before the competition was the single best predictor of performance. For races between 45 and 90 km, training intensity and volume were key predictors of performance, and for races below 45 km, oral health status was a key predictor of performance. Psychological factors previously reported as ultra-endurance mountain race performance predictors were inconsistent or failed to predict the performance of athletes in the present research.

【 授权许可】

Unknown