Capripoxvirus Infections in Ruminants: A Review

Microorganisms

Ouafaa Fassi Fihri¹  Jihane Hamdi²  Khalid Omari Tadlaoui²  Mehdi El Harrak²  Henry Munyanduki³ 

[1] Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Contagious Diseases, Agronomic and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat 6202, Morocco;Department of Research and Development, Multi-Chemical Industry Santé Animale, Lot. 157, Z I, Sud-Ouest (ERAC) B.P., 278, Mohammedia 28810, Morocco;Pirbright Institute, Ash Rd, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK;

关键词: capripoxvirus;    live;    inactivated;    combined;    vaccines;    cross protection;   

DOI  :  10.3390/microorganisms9050902

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Lumpy skin disease, sheeppox, and goatpox are notifiable diseases of cattle, sheep, and goats, respectively, caused by viruses of the Capripoxvirus genus. They are responsible for both direct and indirect financial losses. These losses arise through animal mortality, morbidity cost of vaccinations, and constraints to animals and animal products’ trade. Control and eradication of capripoxviruses depend on early detection of outbreaks, vector control, strict animal movement, and vaccination which remains the most effective means of control. To date, live attenuated vaccines are widely used; however, conferred protection remains controversial. Many vaccines have been associated with adverse reactions and incomplete protection in sheep, goats, and cattle. Many combination- and recombinant-based vaccines have also been developed. Here, we review capripoxvirus infections and the immunity conferred against capripoxviruses by their respective vaccines for each ruminant species. We also review their related cross protection to heterologous infections.

【 授权许可】

Unknown