Potential of Chitosan and Its Derivatives for Biomedical Applications in the Central Nervous System

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Doddy Denise Ojeda-Hernández¹  Juan C. Mateos-Díaz¹  Ulises Gomez-Pinedo²  Jorge Matias-Guiu²  Alejandro A. Canales-Aguirre³ 

[1] Biotecnología Industrial, CONACYT Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Zapopan, Mexico;Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain;Unidad de Evaluación Preclínica, Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, CONACYT Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Mexico;

关键词: chitosan;    chitosan derivatives;    central nervous system;    drug delivery;    tissue engineering;    regenerative medicine;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fbioe.2020.00389

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

It is well known that the central nervous system (CNS) has a limited regenerative capacity and that many therapeutic molecules cannot cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). The use of biomaterials has emerged as an alternative to overcome these limitations. For many years, biomedical applications of chitosan have been studied due to its remarkable biological properties, biocompatibility, and high versatility. Moreover, the interest in this biomaterial for CNS biomedical implementation has increased because of its ability to cross the BBB, mucoadhesiveness, and hydrogel formation capacity. Several chitosan-based biomaterials have been applied with promising results as drug, cell and gene delivery vehicles. Moreover, their capacity to form porous scaffolds and to bear cells and biomolecules has offered a way to achieve neural regeneration. Therefore, this review aims to bring together recent works that highlight the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as adequate biomaterials for applications directed toward the CNS. First, an overview of chitosan and its derivatives is provided with an emphasis on the properties that favor different applications. Second, a compilation of works that employ chitosan-based biomaterials for drug delivery, gene therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine in the CNS is presented. Finally, the most interesting trends and future perspectives of chitosan and its derivatives applications in the CNS are shown.

【 授权许可】

Unknown