Virus-host interaction networks as new antiviral drug targets for IAV and SARS-CoV-2

Emerging Microbes and Infections

Baoge Zhang¹  Jihui Ping²  Lulu Deng²  Bing Liang²  Na Chen² 

[1] College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;

关键词: IAV;    SARS-CoV-2;    virus-host interactions;    replication cycle;    host innate immunity;    antiviral drug targets;   

DOI  :  10.1080/22221751.2022.2071175

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Currently, SARS-CoV-2, especially the Omicron strain, is ravaging the world and even co-infecting human beings with IAV, which is a serious threat to human public health. As of yet, no specific antiviral drug has been discovered for SARS-CoV-2. This requires deeper understandings of the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-host interaction, to explore antiviral drug targets and provide theoretical basis for developing anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. This article discussed IAV, which has been comprehensively studied and is expected to provide the most important reference value for the SARS-CoV-2 study apart from members of the Coronaviridae family. We wish to establish a theoretical system for the studies on virus-host interaction. Previous studies have shown that host PRRs recognize RNAs of IAV or SARS-CoV-2 and then activate innate immune signaling pathways to induce the expression of host restriction factors, such as ISGs, to ultimately inhibit viral replication. Meanwhile, viruses have also evolved various regulatory mechanisms to antagonize host innate immunity at transcriptional, translational, post-translational modification, and epigenetic levels. Besides, viruses can hijack supportive host factors for their replication. Notably, the race between host antiviral innate immunity and viral antagonism of host innate immunity forms virus-host interaction networks. Additionally, the viral replication cycle is co-regulated by proteins, ncRNAs, sugars, lipids, hormones, and inorganic salts. Given this, we updated the mappings of antiviral drug targets based on virus-host interaction networks and proposed an innovative idea that virus-host interaction networks as new antiviral drug targets for IAV and SARS-CoV-2 from the perspectives of viral immunology and systems biology.

【 授权许可】

Unknown