Muslim Work Ethics: Relationships with Religious Orientations and the “Perfect Man” (Ensān-e Kāmel) in Managers and Staff in Iran

Religions

Zhuo Job Chen¹  P.J. Watson²  Nima Ghorbani³  Maryam Karimpour³ 

[1] Department of Psychology, 1418 Brackett Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;Department of Psychology, Department 2801, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Avenue, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA;Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Al-Ahmad Ave., P.O. Box 14155-6456, Tehran 14155, Iran;

关键词: work ethics;    Islam;    multidimensional work ethics profile;    religious orientations;    Muslim “perfect man” (ensān-e kāmel);    Iran;   

DOI  :  10.3390/rel8080138

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Weber’s association of a work ethic with Protestantism has been extended to religions, including Islam, more generally. Managers and staff in a bank and department store in Tehran responded to Muslim religiousness measures along with the multidimensional work ethics profile (MWEP). The MWEP is a 7-factor instrument that records Weber’s interpretation of work ethics. Intrinsic, extrinsic personal, and extrinsic cultural religious orientations predicted a higher work ethic. Two extrinsic cultural religious orientation factors exhibited especially strong connections with MWEP factors. The morality/ethics MWEP factor most consistently predicted Muslim commitments. Integrative self-knowledge and self-control served as empirical markers of an Iranian Muslim spiritual ideal called ensān-e kāmel or the “perfect man.” Both correlated positively with morality/ethics and with three of the four extrinsic cultural religious orientations. Managers scored higher than staff on morality/ethics, on the two characteristics of the “perfect man”, and on the three of four extrinsic cultural religious orientation factors. These data supported the existence of a Muslim work ethic.

【 授权许可】

Unknown