Depression level and coping responses toward the movement control order and its impact on quality of life in the Malaysian community during the COVID-19 pandemic: a web-based cross-sectional study

Annals of General Psychiatry

Po-Lin Ooi¹  Chee-Shee Chai²  Diana-Leh-Ching Ng²  Seng-Beng Tan³  Yu-Zhen Tung³  Saiful Adni B. Abdul Latif⁴  Anne Yee⁵  Nur ‘Aqilah Mohd Hodori⁵  Husna Md Isa⁶ 

[1] Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya;Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University Malaysia Sarawak;Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya;Department of Palliative and Supportive Therapy, National Cancer Institute;Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, University Malaya Medical Centre;Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, University Malaysia Sarawak;

关键词: COVID-19 pandemic;    Depression;    Coping;    Quality of life;    Mental health;    Coronavirus;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12991-021-00352-4

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease prompting extreme containment measures, including lockdown, travel restrictions, social distancing, and stringent personal hygiene. This study investigates the depression level and coping responses toward the lockdown, referred as the movement control order (MCO) during COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia and its impact on quality of life. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2020. The outcomes were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale–21, Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory, and World Health Organisation Quality of Life–BREF Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) in both English and validated Malay versions. Results Mild-to-severe depression was found in 28.2% (n = 149) of the 528 respondents. Respondents with mild-to-severe depression were significantly younger (33.09 ± 10.08 versus 36.79 ± 12.47 years), without partner (71.8% versus 45.6%), lived in the red zone (85.9% versus 71.0%), and had lower household income as defined in the category of B40 (51.7% versus 39.3%) compared to those without depression (all p < 0.01). The avoidant coping score was significantly higher (25.43 ± 5.69 versus 20.78 ± 5.65), while the religious coping score was significantly lower (5.10 ± 2.07 versus 5.94 ± 2.11) among those with mild-to-severe depression compared to those without depression (both p < 0.001). Respondents with mild-to-severe depression also had significantly lower mean score in each domain of WHOQOL-BREF compare to those without depression [(physical health, 13.63 ± 2.66 versus 16.20 ± 2.11), (psychological, 12.5 ± 2.79 versus 16.10 ± 2.14), (social relationships, 12.17 ± 3.49 versus 15.28 ± 2.93), environment (14.50 ± 2.39 versus 16.21 ± 2.14), all p < 0.001] after controlling for age, marital status, zone, household income, and coping scores. Conclusion COVID-19 lockdown had adverse mental health effects. Our study highlighted that approximately one in three individual experienced mild-to-severe depression during the nationwide MCO. The varied impact of the pandemic on mental health could be due to different population characteristics and coping strategies used. Identifying those at higher risk to develop depression during MCO for COVID-19 pandemic could help mental healthcare service providers to plan services for those susceptible, thereby mitigating the pandemic’s effect on quality of life.

【 授权许可】

Unknown