Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) Isolated from Various Tissues of the Human Arthritic Knee Joint Possess Similar Multipotent Differentiation Potential

Applied Sciences

Marietta Herrmann¹  Regina Ebert¹  Konrad Poker²  Tizian Heinz³  Konstantin Horas⁴  Manuel Weißenberger⁴  Maximilian Rudert⁴  Andre F. Steinert⁵  Mike Wagenbrenner⁶  Boris M. Holzapfel⁶  Susanne Mayer-Wagner⁶ 

[1] Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, Department of Orthopedic, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;Department of General Surgery, Leopoldina Hospital of the City Schweinfurt, Gustav-Adolf-Str. 8, 97422 Schweinfurt, Germany;Department of General and Trauma Surgery, Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt, Am Greinberg 25, 97199 Ochsenfurt, Germany;Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Würzburg, König-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, Shoulder and Arthroplasty Surgery, Rhön-Klinikum Campus Bad Neustadt, Von-Guttenberg-Str. 11, 97616 Bad Neustadt, Germany;Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany;

关键词: knee joint;    MSCs;    cellular origin;    cartilage regeneration;    tissue engineering;    cell-based therapies;   

DOI  :  10.3390/app12042239

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

(1) Background: The mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of different tissue origins are applied in cell-based chondrogenic regeneration. However, there is a lack of comparability determining the most suitable cell source for the tissue engineering (TE) of cartilage. The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro chondrogenic potential of MSC-like cells from different tissue sources (bone marrow, meniscus, anterior cruciate ligament, synovial membrane, and the infrapatellar fat pad removed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA)) and define which cell source is best suited for cartilage regeneration. (2) Methods: MSC-like cells were isolated from five donors and expanded using adherent monolayer cultures. Differentiation was induced by culture media containing specific growth factors. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1 was used as the growth factor for chondrogenic differentiation. Osteogenesis and adipogenesis were induced in monolayer cultures for 27 days, while pellet cell cultures were used for chondrogenesis for 21 days. Control cultures were maintained under the same conditions. After, the differentiation period samples were analyzed, using histological and immunohistochemical staining, as well as molecularbiological analysis by RT-PCR, to assess the expression of specific marker genes. (3) Results: Plastic-adherent growth and in vitro trilineage differentiation capacity of all isolated cells were proven. Flow cytometry revealed the clear co-expression of surface markers CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105 on all isolated cells. Adipogenesis was validated through the formation of lipid droplets, while osteogenesis was proven by the formation of calcium deposits within differentiated cell cultures. The formation of proteoglycans was observed during chondrogenesis in pellet cultures, with immunohistochemical staining revealing an increased relative gene expression of collagen type II. RT-PCR proved an elevated expression of specific marker genes after successful differentiation, with no significant differences regarding different cell source of native tissue. (4) Conclusions: Irrespective of the cell source of native tissue, all MSC-like cells showed multipotent differentiation potential in vitro. The multipotent differentiation capacity did not differ significantly, and chondrogenic differentiation was proven in all pellet cultures. Therefore, cell suitability for cell-based cartilage therapies and tissue engineering is given for various tissue origins that are routinely removed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study might provide essential information for the clinical tool of cell harvesting, leading to more flexibility in cell availability.

【 授权许可】

Unknown