Identification of Novel Potential Type 2 Diabetes Genes Mediating β-Cell Loss and Hyperglycemia Using Positional Cloning

Frontiers in Genetics

Danny Arends¹  Gudrun Brockmann¹  Pascal Gottmann³  Hans-Georg Joost³  Markus Jaehnert³  Nicole Hallahan³  Gunnar Schulze³  Anne Kamitz³  Heja Aga³  Sophie Osburg³  Hadi Al-Hasani⁴  Sandra Lebek⁴  Tanja Schallschmidt⁴  Alexandra Chadt⁴  Annette Schürmann⁵  Heike Vogel⁶ 

[1] Animal Breeding Biology and Molecular Genetics, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany;Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Potsdam, Germany;German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany;German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Medical Faculty, Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany;Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany;Molecular and Clinical Life Science of Metabolic Diseases, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany;

关键词: type 2 diabetes;    β-cell loss;    insulin;    positional cloning;    transcriptomics;    haplotype;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fgene.2020.567191

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease regulated by an interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. To understand the genetic contribution in the development of diabetes, mice varying in their disease susceptibility were crossed with the obese and diabetes-prone New Zealand obese (NZO) mouse. Subsequent whole-genome sequence scans revealed one major quantitative trait loci (QTL), Nidd/DBA on chromosome 4, linked to elevated blood glucose and reduced plasma insulin and low levels of pancreatic insulin. Phenotypical characterization of congenic mice carrying 13.6 Mbp of the critical fragment of DBA mice displayed severe hyperglycemia and impaired glucose clearance at week 10, decreased glucose response in week 13, and loss of β-cells and pancreatic insulin in week 16. To identify the responsible gene variant(s), further congenic mice were generated and phenotyped, which resulted in a fragment of 3.3 Mbp that was sufficient to induce hyperglycemia. By combining transcriptome analysis and haplotype mapping, the number of putative responsible variant(s) was narrowed from initial 284 to 18 genes, including gene models and non-coding RNAs. Consideration of haplotype blocks reduced the number of candidate genes to four (Kti12, Osbpl9, Ttc39a, and Calr4) as potential T2D candidates as they display a differential expression in pancreatic islets and/or sequence variation. In conclusion, the integration of comparative analysis of multiple inbred populations such as haplotype mapping, transcriptomics, and sequence data substantially improved the mapping resolution of the diabetes QTL Nidd/DBA. Future studies are necessary to understand the exact role of the different candidates in β-cell function and their contribution in maintaining glycemic control.

【 授权许可】

Unknown