Effects of nanoparticles on trace element uptake and toxicity in plants: A review

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

Muhammad Adrees¹  Shafaqat Ali²  Muhammad Riaz³  Zahir Ahmad Zahir⁴  Muhammad Zia ur Rehman⁴  Muhammad Rizwan⁴  Jörg Rinklebe⁴  Afzal Hussain⁵ 

[1] Corresponding author at: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.;Corresponding author.;Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;

关键词: Trace element;    Nanoparticles;    Uptake;    Plant growth;    Toxicity;    Tolerance;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Agricultural soils are receiving higher inputs of trace elements (TEs) from anthropogenic activities. Application of nanoparticles (NPs) in agriculture as nano-pesticides and nano-fertilizers has gained rapid momentum worldwide. The NPs-based fertilizers can facilitate controlled-release of nutrients which may be absorbed by plants more efficiently than conventional fertilizers. Due to their large surface area with high sorption capacity, NPs can be used to reduce excess TEs uptake by plants. The present review summarizes the effects of NPs on plant growth, photosynthesis, mineral nutrients uptake and TEs concentrations. It also highlights the possible mechanisms underlying NPs-mediated reduction of TEs toxicity at the soil and plant interphase. Nanoparticles are effective in immobilization of TEs in soil through alteration of their speciation and improving soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. At the plant level, NPs reduce TEs translocation from roots to shoots by promoting structural alterations, modifying gene expression, and improving antioxidant defense systems. However, the mechanisms underlying NPs-mediated TEs uptake and toxicity reduction vary with NPs type, mode of application, time of NPs exposure, and plant conditions (e.g., species, cultivars, and growth rate). The review emphasizes that NPs may provide new perspectives to resolve the problem of TEs toxicity in crop plants which may also reduce the food security risks. However, the potential of NPs in metal-contaminated soils is only just starting to be realized, and additional studies are required to explore the mechanisms of NPs-mediated TEs immobilization in soil and uptake by plants. Such future knowledge gap has been highlighted and discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown