Aerial Imagery Paddy Seedlings Inspection Using Deep Learning

Remote Sensing

Mohamed Marzhar Anuar¹  Thinagaran Perumal²  Alfian Abdul Halin²  Bahareh Kalantar³ 

[1] Agriculture Engineering Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;Department of Multimedia, Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Goal-Oriented Technology Research Group, Disaster Resilience Science Team, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan;

关键词: paddy seedlings;    computer vision;    object detection;    deep learning;    convolutional neural networks;   

DOI  :  10.3390/rs14020274

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In recent years complex food security issues caused by climatic changes, limitations in human labour, and increasing production costs require a strategic approach in addressing problems. The emergence of artificial intelligence due to the capability of recent advances in computing architectures could become a new alternative to existing solutions. Deep learning algorithms in computer vision for image classification and object detection can facilitate the agriculture industry, especially in paddy cultivation, to alleviate human efforts in laborious, burdensome, and repetitive tasks. Optimal planting density is a crucial factor for paddy cultivation as it will influence the quality and quantity of production. There have been several studies involving planting density using computer vision and remote sensing approaches. While most of the studies have shown promising results, they have disadvantages and show room for improvement. One of the disadvantages is that the studies aim to detect and count all the paddy seedlings to determine planting density. The defective paddy seedlings’ locations are not pointed out to help farmers during the sowing process. In this work we aimed to explore several deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) models to determine which one performs the best for defective paddy seedling detection using aerial imagery. Thus, we evaluated the accuracy, robustness, and inference latency of one- and two-stage pretrained object detectors combined with state-of-the-art feature extractors such as EfficientNet, ResNet50, and MobilenetV2 as a backbone. We also investigated the effect of transfer learning with fine-tuning on the performance of the aforementioned pretrained models. Experimental results showed that our proposed methods were capable of detecting the defective paddy rice seedlings with the highest precision and an F1-Score of 0.83 and 0.77, respectively, using a one-stage pretrained object detector called EfficientDet-D1 EficientNet.

【 授权许可】

Unknown