Intermediate-Salinity Systems at High Altitudes in the Peruvian Andes Unveil a High Diversity and Abundance of Bacteria and Viruses

Genes

Sonia Dávila-Ramos¹  RamónAlberto Batista-García¹  HugoGildardo Castelán-Sánchez¹  Arturo Liñan-Torres¹  MaríaAntonieta Quispe-Ricalde²  Paola Elorrieta²  Ingrid Vera³  Pedro Romoacca³  JoséLuis Sierra⁴  Ernesto Pérez-Rueda⁵  Gabriel Lizama-Uc⁶  Silvia Tenorio-Salgado⁶ 

[1] Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos C.P. 62209, Mexico;Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco C.P. 0800, Peru;Departamento de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco C.P. 0800, Peru;Escuela de Postgrado, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco C.P. 0800, Peru;Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Sede Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica de Ciencias y Tecnología, Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97302, Mexico;Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97000, Mexico;

关键词: peruvian andes;    metagenomics;    intermediate salinity;    microbiome;    virus;   

DOI  :  10.3390/genes10110891

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Intermediate-salinity environments are distributed around the world. Here, we present a snapshot characterization of two Peruvian thalassohaline environments at high altitude, Maras and Acos, which provide an excellent opportunity to increase our understanding of these ecosystems. The main goal of this study was to assess the structure and functional diversity of the communities of microorganisms in an intermediate-salinity environment, and we used a metagenomic shotgun approach for this analysis. These Andean hypersaline systems exhibited high bacterial diversity and abundance of the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Balneolaeota, and Actinobacteria; in contrast, Archaea from the phyla Euryarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota, and Crenarchaeota were identified in low abundance. Acos harbored a more diverse prokaryotic community and a higher number of unique species compared with Maras. In addition, we obtained the draft genomes of two bacteria, Halomonas elongata and Idiomarina loihiensis, as well as the viral genomes of Enterobacteria lambda-like phage and Halomonas elongata-like phage and 27 partial novel viral halophilic genomes. The functional metagenome annotation showed a high abundance of sequences associated with detoxification, DNA repair, cell wall and capsule formation, and nucleotide metabolism; sequences for these functions were overexpressed mainly in bacteria and also in some archaea and viruses. Thus, their metabolic profiles afford a decrease in oxidative stress as well as the assimilation of nitrogen, a critical energy source for survival. Our work represents the first microbial characterization of a community structure in samples collected from Peruvian hypersaline systems.

【 授权许可】

Unknown