African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer

BMC Medical Genomics

Shingai B. A. Mutambirw¹  Abraham van Wyk²  William Bates²  Andre van der Merwe³  Pedro Fernandez³  Philip A. Venter⁴  Eva K. F. Chan⁵  Ruth J. Lyons⁵  Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri⁵  Vanessa M. Hayes⁵  Desiree C. Petersen⁵  M. S. Riana Bornman⁶ 

[1] Department of Urology, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital;Division of Anatomical Pathology, NHLS Tygerberg and Stellenbosch University;Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University;Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo;Laboratory for Human Comparative and Prostate Cancer Genomics, Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre;School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria;

关键词: African ancestry;    Prostate cancer;    KhoeSan;    High-risk disease;    Ancestral fractions;    Ancestry informative markers;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12920-019-0537-0

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Backgrounds Genetic diversity is greatest within Africa, in particular the KhoeSan click-speaking peoples of southern Africa. South African populations represent admixture fractions including differing degrees of African, African-KhoeSan and non-African genetic ancestries. Within the United States, African ancestry has been linked to prostate cancer presentation and mortality. Together with environmental contributions, genetics is a significant risk factor for high-risk prostate cancer, defined by a pathological Gleason score ≥ 8. Methods Using genotype array data merged with ancestry informative reference data, we investigate the contribution of African ancestral fractions to high-risk prostate cancer. Our study includes 152 South African men of African (Black) or African-admixed (Coloured) ancestries, in which 40% showed high-risk prostate cancer. Results Genetic fractions were determined for averaging an equal African to non-African genetic ancestral contribution in the Coloured; we found African ancestry to be linked to high-risk prostate cancer (P-value = 0.0477). Adjusting for age, the associated African ancestral fraction was driven by a significant KhoeSan over Bantu contribution, defined by Gleason score ≥ 8 (P-value = 0.02329) or prostate specific antigen levels ≥20 ng/ml (P-value = 0.03713). Additionally, we observed the mean overall KhoeSan contribution to be increased in Black patients with high-risk (11.8%) over low-risk (10.9%) disease. Linking for the first time KhoeSan ancestry to a common modern disease, namely high-risk prostate cancer, we tested in this small study the validity of using KhoeSan ancestry as a surrogate for identifying potential high-risk prostate cancer risk loci. As such, we identified four loci within chromosomal regions 2p11.2, 3p14, 8q23 and 22q13.2 (P-value = all age-adjusted < 0.01), two of which have previously been associated with high-risk prostate cancer. Conclusions Our study suggests that ancient KhoeSan ancestry may be linked to common modern diseases, specifically those of late onset and therefore unlikely to have undergone exclusive selective pressure. As such we show within a uniquely admixed South African population a link between KhoeSan ancestry and high-risk prostate cancer, which may explain the 2-fold increase in presentation in Black South Africans compared with African Americans.

【 授权许可】

Unknown