A Distributed Hierarchical Control Framework for Economic Dispatch and Frequency Regulation of Autonomous AC Microgrids

Energies

Fahad R. Albogamy¹  Ghulam Hafeez²  Shafaat Ullah³  Laiq Khan⁴  Irfan Sami⁵ 

[1] Computer Sciences Program, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan;School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea;

关键词: autonomous;    distributed;    hierarchical;    microgrid;    primary;    secondary;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en14248408

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Motivated by the single point of failure and other drawbacks of the conventional centralized hierarchical control strategy, in this paper, a fully distributed hierarchical control framework is formulated for autonomous AC microgrids. The proposed control strategy operates with a distinct three-layer structure, where: a conventional droop control is adopted at the primary layer; a distributed leaderless consensus-based control is adopted at the secondary layer for active power and, hence, frequency regulation of distributed generating units (DGUs); and the tertiary layer is also based on the distributed leaderless consensus-based control for the optimal power dispatch. Under the proposed strategy, the three constituent control layers work in a coordinated manner. Not only is the load dispatched economically with a negligible power mismatch, but also the frequencies of all the DGUs are regulated to the reference value. However, the frequency regulation is achieved without requiring any central leader agent that has been reported in the contemporary distributed control articles. As compared to the conventional centralized hierarchical control, the proposed strategy only needs local inter-agent interaction with a sparse communication network; thus, it is fully distributed. The formulated strategy is tested under load perturbations, on an autonomous AC microgrid testbed comprising both low-inertia-type (inverter-interfaced) and high-inertia (rotating)-type DGUs with heterogeneous dynamics, and found to successfully meet its targets. Furthermore, it can offer the plug-and-play operation for the DGUs. Theoretical analysis and substantial simulation results, performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, are provided to validate the feasibility of the proposed control framework.

【 授权许可】

Unknown