Soil pH Dynamics and Nitrogen Transformations Under Long-Term Chemical Fertilization in Four Typical Chinese Croplands

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

Chang PENG¹  Hui-min ZHANG²  Ming-gang XU²  Xin-hua HE³  Jia-long LÜ⁴  Jian-wei LI⁵  Bo-ren WANG⁶  Hong-qi MENG⁶  Xiao-jun SHI⁷ 

[1] Correspondence XU Ming-gang, Tel: [phone];F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China;Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454010, P.R. China;Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China;MENG Hong-qi, Tel: [phone];;College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A &Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China;

关键词: available nutrients;    ecosystem;    long-term fertilization;    N distribution;    soil pH;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Long-term fertilization experiment provides the platform for understanding the proton budgets in nitrogen transformations of agricultural ecosystems. We analyzed the historical (1990–2005) observations on four agricultural long-term experiments in China (Changping, Chongqing, Gongzhuling and Qiyang) under four different fertilizations, i.e., no-fertilizer (control), sole chemical nitrogen fertilizer (FN), sole chemical phosphorous and potassium fertilizers (FPK) and chemical nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium fertilizers (FNPK). The significant decline in topsoil pH was caused not only by chemical N fertilization (0.29 and 0.89 ΔpH at Gongzhuling and Qiyang, respectively) but also by chemical PK fertilization (0.59 ΔpH at Gongzhuling). The enhancement of available nutrients in the topsoil due to long-term direct nutrients supply with chemical fertilizers was in the descending order of available P (168–599%)>available K (16–189%)>available N (9–33%). The relative rate of soil pH decline was lower under long-term judicious chemical fertilization (−0.036–0.034 ΔpH yr−1) than that under long-term sole N or PK fertilization (0.016–0.086 ΔpH yr−1). Long-term judicious chemical fertilization with N, P and K elements decreases the nutritional limitation to normal crop growth, under which more N output was distributed in biomass removal rather than the loss via nitrate leaching. We concluded that the N distribution percentage of nitrate leaching to biomass removal might be a suitable indicator to the sensitivity of agricultural ecosystems to acid inputs.

【 授权许可】

Unknown