Effect of ALDH1A1 Gene Knockout on Drug Resistance in Paclitaxel and Topotecan Resistant Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines in 2D and 3D Model

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Radosław Januchowski¹  Karolina Sterzyńska²  Michał Nowicki²  Marta Nowacka²  Monika Świerczewska²  Barbara Ginter-Matuszewska³ 

[1] Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, Zyty 28 St., 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland;Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 St., 61-781 Poznan, Poland;Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiency, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-003 Poznan, Poland;

关键词: ovarian cancer;    spheroids;    cancer stem cells;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms23063036

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of gynecological cancer death. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) characterized by drug transporters and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules expression are responsible for drug resistance development. The goal of our study was to examine the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) expression in paclitaxel (PAC) and topotecan (TOP) resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. In both cell lines, we knocked out the ALDH1A1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. Additionally, we derived an ALDH1A1 positive TOP-resistant cell line with ALDH1A1 expression in all cells via clonal selection. The effect of ALDH1A1 gene knockout or clonal selection on the expression of ALDH1A1, drug transporters (P-gp and BCRP), and ECM (COL3A1) was determined by Q-PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence. Using MTT assay, we compared drug resistance in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell culture conditions. We did not observe any effect of ALDH1A1 gene knockout on MDR1/P-gp expression and drug resistance in the PAC-resistant cell line. The knockout of ALDH1A1 in the TOP-resistant cell line resulted in a moderate decrease of BCRP and COL3A1 expression and weakened TOP resistance. The clonal selection of ALDH1A1 cells resulted in very strong downregulation of BCPR and COL3A1 expression and overexpression of MDR1/P-gp. This finally resulted in decreased resistance to TOP but increased resistance to PAC. All spheroids were more resistant than cells growing as monolayers, but the resistance mechanism differs. The spheroids’ resistance may result from the presence of cell zones with different proliferation paces, the density of the spheroid, ECM expression, and drug capacity to diffuse into the spheroid.

【 授权许可】

Unknown