The Epistemic Revolution Induced by Microbiome Studies: An Interdisciplinary View

Biology

Géraldine Aïdan¹  Sébastien Dutreuil²  Manuel Blouin³  Frédéric Bouchard⁴  F. Joseph Lapointe⁵  Catherine Larose⁶  M. André Selosse⁷  Eduardo Corel⁷  Philippe Lopez⁷  Eric Bapteste⁷  Philippe Huneman⁸  Philippe Gérard⁹  M. Sarah Adénis^1,10  Liliane Campos^1,11  Fabrice Not^1,12  Chloé Vigliotti^1,13 

[1] CERSA, UMR 7106 (CNRS—Université Paris II Panthéon-Assas), 10 rue Thénard, 75005 Paris, France;Centre Gilles Gaston Granger, CNRS, UMR7304 Université d’Aix-Marseille—Site Schuman, Maison de la Recherche, 29, Avenue Robert Schuman, 13621 Aix-en-Provence, France;Département Agronomie Agroéquipements Elevage Environnement, UMR 1347 Agroécologie (INRA/AgroSup/Université de Bourgogne), 26 Bd Docteur Petitjean, BP 87999, CEDEX, 21079 Dijon, France;Département de Philosophie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;Département de Sciences Biologiques, Complexe des Sciences, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada;Environmental Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire Ampère, École Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, University of Lyon, 69134 Ecully, France;Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 75005 Paris, France;Institut d’Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques, CNRS/Université Paris I Sorbonne, 13 rue du Four, 75006 Paris, France;Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France;PILI, 16 Avenue du Bas Meudon, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France;PRISMES—Langues, Textes, Arts et Cultures du Monde Anglophone—EA 4398, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle and Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France;Sorbonne Université, CNRS, AD2M-UMR7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29680 Roscoff, France;UMR MIA-PARIS, 16 Rue Claude Bernard, 75005 Paris, France;

关键词: microbiomes;    evolutionary microbiology;    microbial ecology;    networks;    individuals;    selection;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biology10070651

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Many separate fields and practices nowadays consider microbes as part of their legitimate focus. Therefore, microbiome studies may act as unexpected unifying forces across very different disciplines. Here, we summarize how microbiomes appear as novel major biological players, offer new artistic frontiers, new uses from medicine to laws, and inspire novel ontologies. We identify several convergent emerging themes across ecosystem studies, microbial and evolutionary ecology, arts, medicine, forensic analyses, law and philosophy of science, as well as some outstanding issues raised by microbiome studies across these disciplines and practices. An ‘epistemic revolution induced by microbiome studies’ seems to be ongoing, characterized by four features: (i) an ecologization of pre-existing concepts within disciplines, (ii) a growing interest in systemic analyses of the investigated or represented phenomena and a greater focus on interactions as their root causes, (iii) the intent to use openly multi-scalar interaction networks as an explanatory framework to investigate phenomena to acknowledge the causal effects of microbiomes, (iv) a reconceptualization of the usual definitions of which individuals are worth considering as an explanans or as an explanandum by a given field, which result in a fifth strong trend, namely (v) a de-anthropocentrification of our perception of the world.

【 授权许可】

Unknown