The Dual Role of Autophagy in Cancer Development and a Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer by Targeting Autophagy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Gyeongyun Go¹  Jun Hee Lee²  Chul Won Yun³  Sang Hun Lee³  Juhee Jeon³ 

[1] Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea;Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;Stembio. Ltd., Entrepreneur 306, Asan-si 31538, Korea;

关键词: autophagy;    cancer;    metastasis;    drug resistance;    tumorigenesis;    cancer stem cells;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms22010179

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Autophagy is a delicate intracellular degradation process that occurs due to diverse stressful conditions, including the accumulation of damaged proteins and organelles as well as nutrient deprivation. The mechanism of autophagy is initiated by the creation of autophagosomes, which capture and encapsulate abnormal components. Afterward, autophagosomes assemble with lysosomes to recycle or remove degradative cargo. The regulation of autophagy has bipolar roles in cancer suppression and promotion in diverse cancers. Furthermore, autophagy modulates the features of tumorigenesis, cancer metastasis, cancer stem cells, and drug resistance against anticancer agents. Some autophagy regulators are used to modulate autophagy for anticancer therapy but the dual roles of autophagy limit their application in anticancer therapy, and present as the main reason for therapy failure. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of autophagy, tumorigenesis, metastasis, cancer stem cells, and resistance against anticancer agents. Finally, we discuss whether targeting autophagy is a promising and effective therapeutic strategy in anticancer therapy.

【 授权许可】

Unknown