Climate Change and Hazards Risk Management, Community Capability, Resilience and Vulnerability in Swat, Shangla, and Kohistan District, Northwest Pakistan

International Journal of Economic and Environment Geology

Saifullah Khan, Shahzadah Fahed Qureshi, Mehmood -Ul- Hasan¹ 

[1] Institute of Social Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. Department of Geography, Peshawar University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan;

关键词: climate change;    surface flow;    hazards;    community perception;    planning;    mitigation;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Thestudyareacomprisesofhumidandundifferentiatedhighlandclimateshavingtotalprecipitationof 52inches (1320mm) and fluctuation of -5.3inches or -134millimeters (1961-2014). The study area was a highly humid climate in 1961, while recently it seems on the porch of sub-humid ambiance. The annual trends show depletion in the precipitation concentration since 1980. Based on temperature, there are three types of temperature zones that are cool, cold and highlands. The maximum temperature recorded in June as well as July and reversed in January. The average temperature indicates a rise of 0.20C, which is higher during winters and converse in summers. The swell in the degree ofhotnessenhancedthewateranxietyaswellastherecoilofglaciersandincreasedtherateofnaturalhazards.The hydrologyoftheareaishighlysusceptibletothealterationinweatherconditionsintermsofglaciersretreat;fallin river flow, sub-surfacewater, natural disasters, desiccation of ponds and water springs. Theyearlyrunoff of the Swat river reveals a decrease of -0.03 m3/Sec, while it is 12.4 m3/Sec in the Ghurband river (Shangla). It is concluded, that theyearly inclinationofwaterrunoffiscontrarytomeantemperatureanddirectlyproportionaltoprecipitation.The mostfrequentnaturaldisastersofthestudyareacompriseofearthquakes,floods,landslides,snowavalanches,forest fires and epidemics (hepatitis, stomachache, and cholera). These hazards can be minimized using well planning (top to bottom) for risk management, preparedness, vulnerabilities and mitigation strategies at the community level in the area.

【 授权许可】

Unknown