Impact of COVID-19 Disruptions on Global BCG Coverage and Paediatric TB Mortality: A Modelling Study

Vaccines

Sanne M. Thysen¹  Partho Roy²  Nabila Shaikh³  Rebecca C. Harris³  Richard G. White³  Puck T. Pelzer⁴ 

[1] Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, 2004 Frederiksberg, Denmark;Immunisation and Countermeasures, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London NW9 5EQ, UK;TB Modelling Group, TB Centre, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK;Technical Division, KNCV Tuberculosis, Maanweg 174, 2516 AB The Hague, The Netherlands;

关键词: BCG;    immunization;    mathematical model;    paediatric mortality;    COVID-19;    tuberculosis;   

DOI  :  10.3390/vaccines9111228

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The impact of COVID-19 disruptions on global Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) coverage and paediatric tuberculosis (TB) mortality is still unknown. To fill this evidence-gap and guide mitigation measures, we estimated the impact of COVID-19 disruptions on global BCG coverage and paediatric TB mortality. First, we used data from multiple sources to estimate COVID-19-disrupted BCG vaccination coverage. Second, using a static mathematical model, we estimated the number of additional paediatric TB deaths in the first 15 years of life due to delayed/missed vaccinations in 14 scenarios—varying in duration of disruption, and magnitude and timing of catch-up. We estimated a 25% reduction in global BCG coverage within the disruption period. The best-case scenario (3-month disruption, 100% catch-up within 3 months) resulted in an additional 886 (0.5%) paediatric TB deaths, and the worst-case scenario (6-month disruption with no catch-up) resulted in an additional 33,074 (17%) deaths. The magnitude of catch-up was found to be the most influential variable in minimising excess paediatric TB mortality. Our results show that ensuring catch-up vaccination of missed children is a critical priority, and delivery of BCG alongside other routine vaccines may be a feasible way to achieve catch-up. Urgent action is required to support countries with recovering vaccination coverages to minimise paediatric deaths.

【 授权许可】

Unknown