RKIP Pleiotropic Activities in Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases: Role in Immunity

Cancers

卷:13

Apostolos Zaravinos¹  Benjamin Bonavida²  Roni Touboul²  Stavroula Baritaki³ 

[1] Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;

[2] Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;

[3] Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece;

关键词: RKIP;    T cells;    cancer;    immunosuppression;    immunotherapy;    autoimmunity;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers13246247

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Several gene products play pivotal roles in the induction of inflammation and the progression of cancer. The Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) is a cytosolic protein that exerts pleiotropic activities in such conditions, and thus regulates oncogenesis and immune-mediated diseases through its deregulation. Herein, we review the general properties of RKIP, including its: (i) molecular structure; (ii) involvement in various cell signaling pathways (i.e., inhibition of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway; the NF-kB pathway; GRK-2 or the STAT-3 pathway; as well as regulation of the GSK3Beta signaling; and the spindle checkpoints); (iii) regulation of RKIP expression; (iv) expression’s effects on oncogenesis; (v) role in the regulation of the immune system to diseases (i.e., RKIP regulation of T cell functions; the secretion of cytokines and immune mediators, apoptosis, immune check point inhibitors and RKIP involvement in inflammatory diseases); and (vi) bioinformatic analysis between normal and malignant tissues, as well as across various immune-related cells. Overall, the regulation of RKIP in different cancers and inflammatory diseases suggest that it can be used as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of these diseases.

【 授权许可】

Unknown