Advances in the Microbiome: Applications to Clostridium difficile Infection

Journal of Clinical Medicine

卷:5

Eamonn P. Culligan¹  Roy D. Sleator¹ 

[1] Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland;

关键词: Clostridium difficile;    bacteriocin;    human gut microbiome;    gut microbiota;    antibiotic resistance;    faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT);    probiotics;    genome sequencing;    nanopore sequencing;    synthetic biology;   

DOI  :  10.3390/jcm5090083

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Clostridium difficile is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, causing over 400,000 infections and approximately 29,000 deaths in the United States alone each year. C. difficile is the most common cause of nosocomial diarrhoea in the developed world, and, in recent years, the emergence of hyper-virulent (mainly ribotypes 027 and 078, sometimes characterised by increased toxin production), epidemic strains and an increase in the number of community-acquired infections has caused further concern. Antibiotic therapy with metronidazole, vancomycin or fidaxomicin is the primary treatment for C. difficile infection (CDI). However, CDI is unique, in that, antibiotic use is also a major risk factor for acquiring CDI or recurrent CDI due to disruption of the normal gut microbiota. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative, non-antibiotic therapeutics to treat or prevent CDI. Here, we review a number of such potential treatments which have emerged from advances in the field of microbiome research.

【 授权许可】

Unknown