γ-Aminobutyrate (GABA) Regulated Plant Defense: Mechanisms and Opportunities

Plants

卷:10

Morteza Soleimani Aghdam¹  Barry J. Shelp²  Edward J. Flaherty² 

[1] Department of Horticultural Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran;

[2] Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;

关键词: abiotic stress;    antioxidants;    biostimulants;    biotic stress;    GABA;    metabolism;   

DOI  :  10.3390/plants10091939

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Global climate change and associated adverse abiotic and biotic stress conditions affect plant growth and development, and agricultural sustainability in general. Abiotic and biotic stresses reduce respiration and associated energy generation in mitochondria, resulting in the elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are employed to transmit cellular signaling information in response to the changing conditions. Excessive ROS accumulation can contribute to cell damage and death. Production of the non-protein amino acid γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) is also stimulated, resulting in partial restoration of respiratory processes and energy production. Accumulated GABA can bind directly to the aluminum-activated malate transporter and the guard cell outward rectifying K⁺ channel, thereby improving drought and hypoxia tolerance, respectively. Genetic manipulation of GABA metabolism and receptors, respectively, reveal positive relationships between GABA levels and abiotic/biotic stress tolerance, and between malate efflux from the root and heavy metal tolerance. The application of exogenous GABA is associated with lower ROS levels, enhanced membrane stability, changes in the levels of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants, and crosstalk among phytohormones. Exogenous GABA may be an effective and sustainable tolerance strategy against multiple stresses under field conditions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown