4D Printing Applications in the Development of Smart Cardiovascular Implants

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

卷:10

Ruth Heying¹  Fatemeh Kabirian¹  Petra Mela² 

[1] Cardiovascular Developmental Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;

[2] Medical Materials and Implants, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany;

关键词: 4D printing;    3D printing;    bioprinting;    cardiovascular;    cardiac patches;    vascular grafts;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fbioe.2022.873453

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Smart materials are able to react to different stimuli and adapt their shape to the environment. Although the development of 3D printing technology increased the reproducibility and accuracy of scaffold fabrication, 3D printed scaffolds can still be further improved to resemble the native anatomy. 4D printing is an innovative fabrication approach combining 3D printing and smart materials, also known as stimuli-responsive materials. Especially for cardiovascular implants, 4D printing can promisingly create programmable, adaptable prostheses, which facilitates implantation and/or create the topology of the target tissue post implantation. In this review, the principles of 4D printing with a focus on the applied stimuli are explained and the underlying 3D printing technologies are presented. Then, according to the type of stimulus, recent applications of 4D printing in constructing smart cardiovascular implants and future perspectives are discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown