Escape from X chromosome inactivation and female bias of autoimmune diseases

Molecular Medicine

卷:26

Mohammad Javad Mousavi¹  Somayeh Ghotloo²  Mahdi Mahmoudi³ 

[1] Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences;

[2] Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences;

[3] Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences;

关键词: Autoimmune diseases;    Escape genes;    Female bias;    X-chromosome inactivation;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s10020-020-00256-1

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Generally, autoimmune diseases are more prevalent in females than males. Various predisposing factors, including female sex hormones, X chromosome genes, and the microbiome have been implicated in the female bias of autoimmune diseases. During embryogenesis, one of the X chromosomes in the females is transcriptionally inactivated, in a process called X chromosome inactivation (XCI). This equalizes the impact of two X chromosomes in the females. However, some genes escape from XCI, providing a basis for the dual expression dosage of the given gene in the females. In the present review, the contribution of the escape genes to the female bias of autoimmune diseases will be discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown