State of the Art: The Immunomodulatory Role of MSCs for Osteoarthritis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

卷:23

Yoon Cheol Nam¹  Jin Seong Park¹  Yoon Sang Jeon¹  Dae Gyu Kwon¹  Myung Ku Kim¹  Dong Jin Ryu¹ 

[1] Orthopedic Surgery, Inha University Hospital, 22332 Inhang-ro 27, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Korea;

关键词: mesenchymal stem cell;    antiinflammation;    immunomodulation;    osteoarthritis;    exosome;    miRNA;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms23031618

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Osteoarthritis (OA) has generally been introduced as a degenerative disease; however, it has recently been understood as a low-grade chronic inflammatory process that could promote symptoms and accelerate the progression of OA. Current treatment strategies, including corticosteroid injections, have no impact on the OA disease progression. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based therapy seem to be in the spotlight as a disease-modifying treatment because this strategy provides enlarged anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects. Currently, bone marrow, adipose derived, synovium-derived, and Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs are the most widely used types of MSCs in the cartilage engineering. MSCs exert immunomodulatory, immunosuppressive, antiapoptotic, and chondrogenic effects mainly by paracrine effect. Because MSCs disappear from the tissue quickly after administration, recently, MSCs-derived exosomes received the focus for the next-generation treatment strategy for OA. MSCs-derived exosomes contain a variety of miRNAs. Exosomal miRNAs have a critical role in cartilage regeneration by immunomodulatory function such as promoting chondrocyte proliferation, matrix secretion, and subsiding inflammation. In the future, a personalized exosome can be packaged with ideal miRNA and proteins for chondrogenesis by enriching techniques. In addition, the target specific exosomes could be a gamechanger for OA. However, we should consider the off-target side effects due to multiple gene targets of miRNA.

【 授权许可】

Unknown