Enhancing Immunomodulatory Function of Red Ginseng Through Fermentation Using Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. lactis LT 19-2

Nutrients

卷:11

Jaesik Yang¹  Minju Jeong¹  KiWon Lee¹  JaeHwan Kim¹  JongHun Kim²  JiSu Lee³  Sanguine Byun³  Yun-Yeol Lee⁴  Seungil Kim⁵  Eun-Hee Doo⁶  ChulSung Huh⁶ 

[1] Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;

[2] Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungshin University, Seoul 01133, Korea;

[3] Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea;

[4] Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea;

[5] Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea;

[6] Research Institute of Eco-friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea;

关键词: immunomodulation;    red ginseng;    fermentation;    ginsenosides;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu11071481

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Removal of sugar moieties from ginsenosides has been proposed to increase their biological effects in various disease models. In order to identify strains that can increase aglycone contents, we performed a screening using bacteria isolated from the feces of infants focusing on acid tolerance and β-glucosidase activity. We isolated 565 bacteria and selected Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LT 19-2 (LT 19-2), which exhibited the highest β-glucosidase activity with strong acid tolerance. As red ginseng (RG) has been known to exert immunomodulatory functions, we fermented RG using LT 19-2 (FRG) and investigated whether this could alter the aglycone profile of ginsenosides and improve its immunomodulatory effect. FRG increased macrophage activity more potently compared to RG, demonstrated by higher TNF-α and IL-6 production. More importantly, the FRG treatment stimulated the proliferation of mouse splenocytes and increased TNF-α levels in bone marrow-derived macrophages, confirming that the enhanced immunomodulatory function can be recapitulated in primary immune cells. Examination of the molecular mechanism revealed that F-RG could induce phosphorylations of ERK, p38, JNK, and NF-κB. Analysis of the ginsenoside composition showed a decrease in Rb1, Re, Rc, and Rb3, accompanied by an increase in Rd, Rh1, F2, and Rg3, the corresponding aglycone metabolites, in FRG compared to RG. Collectively, LT 19-2 maybe used as a probiotic strain to improve the bioactivity of functional foods through modifying the aglycone/glycoside profile.

【 授权许可】

Unknown