Synthesis and Characterization of B/NaF and Silicon Phthalocyanine-Modified TiO2 and an Evaluation of Their Photocatalytic Removal of Carbamazepine

Separations

卷:7

Giuliana Magnacca¹  Debora Fabbri¹  Paola Calza¹  ChukwukaB. Anucha²  Ismail Degirmencioglu²  IIknur Altin²  Emin Bacaksiz²  VassilisN. Stathopoulos³ 

[1] Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 5-7, 10125 Turin, Italy;

[2] Department of Chemistry/Physics, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkey;

[3] Laboratory of Chemistry and Materials Technology, General (Core) Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Psachna Campus, 34400 Evia, Greece;

关键词: photocatalysis;    titania;    phthalocyanine;    boron/sodium fluoride;    axial methoxy-substituted silicon phthalocyanine;    carbamazepine;   

DOI  :  10.3390/separations7040071

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

This study investigated the synthesis of two different types of photocatalysts, namely, boron/sodium fluoride co-doped titanium dioxide (B/NaF-TiO₂), and its analogue, a dye-sensitized form of silicon-based axial methoxy substituted phthalocyanine (B/NaF-TiO₂SiPc). Structural and morphological characterizations were performed via X-ray diffraction (XRD); Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR); N₂ adsorption–desorption at 77 K by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda (BJH) methods; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The estimated crystallite size of pure TiO₂ and pure B/NaF-TiO₂ was 24 nm, and that of B/NaF-TiO₂SiPc was 29 nm, whereas particle sizes determined by TEM were 25, 28, and 31 nm for pure TiO₂, B/NaF-TiO₂ and B/NaF-TiO₂SiPc respectively. No significant differences between B/NaF-TiO₂ and B/NaF-TiO₂SiPc were observed for surface area by (BET) analysis (13 m²/g) or total pore volume by the BJH application model (0.05 cm³/g). Energy band gap values obtained for B/NaF-TiO₂ and B/NaF-TiO₂SiPc were 3.10 and 2.90 eV respectively, lower than pure TiO₂ (3.17 eV). The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized materials was tested using carbamazepine (CBZ) as the model substrate. Carbamazepine removal after 4 h of irradiation was almost 100% for B/NaF-TiO₂ and 70% for B/NaF-TiO₂SiPc; however, the substrate mineralization proceeded slower, suggesting the presence of organic intermediates after the complete disappearance of the pollutant.

【 授权许可】

Unknown