Coenzyme Q Biosynthesis: An Update on the Origins of the Benzenoid Ring and Discovery of New Ring Precursors

Metabolites

卷:11

Lucía Fernández-del-Río¹  Catherine F. Clarke¹ 

[1] Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA;

关键词: coenzyme Q;    ubiquinone;    stable isotopes;    biosynthesis;    4-hydroxybenzoic acid;    p-aminobenzoic acid;   

DOI  :  10.3390/metabo11060385

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone or CoQ) is a conserved polyprenylated lipid essential for mitochondrial respiration. CoQ is composed of a redox-active benzoquinone ring and a long polyisoprenyl tail that serves as a membrane anchor. A classic pathway leading to CoQ biosynthesis employs 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4HB). Recent studies with stable isotopes in E. coli, yeast, and plant and animal cells have identified CoQ intermediates and new metabolic pathways that produce 4HB. Stable isotope labeling has identified para-aminobenzoic acid as an alternate ring precursor of yeast CoQ biosynthesis, as well as other natural products, such as kaempferol, that provide ring precursors for CoQ biosynthesis in plants and mammals. In this review, we highlight how stable isotopes can be used to delineate the biosynthetic pathways leading to CoQ.

【 授权许可】

Unknown