Longitudinal Analysis of Coronavirus-Neutralizing Activity in COVID-19 Patients

Viruses

卷:14

Barbara S. Schnierle¹  Christine von Rhein¹  Julia Gerbeth¹  Florian D. Hastert¹  Lisa Henss¹  Kai Zacharowski²  Gernot Rohde³  Imke Wieters⁴  Maria J.G.T. Vehreschild⁴  Frauke Borgans⁴  Yascha Khodamoradi⁴ 

[1] Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich Strass 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany;

[2] Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;

[3] Medizinische Klinik 1, Pneumologie/Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;

[4] Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    Delta;    Omicron;    SARS-CoV-1;    NL63;    neutralization;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v14050882

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has now been continuing for more than two years. The infection causes COVID-19, a disease of the respiratory and cardiovascular system of variable severity. Here, the humoral immune response of 80 COVID-19 patients from the University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Germany, was characterized longitudinally. The SARS-CoV-2 neutralization activity of serum waned over time. The neutralizing potential of serum directed towards the human alpha-coronavirus NL-63 (NL63) also waned, indicating that no cross-priming against alpha-coronaviruses occurred. A subset of the recovered patients (n = 13) was additionally vaccinated with the mRNA vaccine Comirnaty. Vaccination increased neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT), Delta, and Omicron, although Omicron-specific neutralization was not detectable prior to vaccination. In addition, the vaccination induced neutralizing antibodies against the more distantly related SARS-CoV-1 but not against NL63. The results indicate that although SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune responses induced by infection wane, vaccination induces a broad neutralizing activity against multiple SARS-CoVs, but not to the common cold alpha-coronavirus NL63.

【 授权许可】

Unknown